Ukusetshenziswa kanye Nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Polypropylene Yokwenza I-Thermoforming Ensimini Yokupakisha

1. Izimiso eziyisisekelo kanye nezici ze-thermoforming

I-Thermoforming iyindlela ekhethekile yokucubungula ipulasitiki yokucubungula amashidi e-thermoplastic abe imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. Ishidi le-thermoplastic liyashiswa ukuze lithambe bese licindezelwa (i-vacuum noma ingcindezi enhle) ukuze ishidi le-thermoplastic lisebenze ebusweni besikhunta ukuze lithole isimo esifana nesobuso besikhunta, futhi ngemva kokupholisa nokubumba, umkhiqizo uyasikwa ukuze kutholakale isimo esifunwayo. I-Thermoforming iyashesha futhi iyafana, inesikhathi esifushane somjikelezo wokubumba kanye nezindleko eziphansi zesikhunta, ifaneleka ukuze isebenze ngokuzenzakalela kanye nesikhathi eside sokukhiqiza, futhi ibhekwa njengendlela yokucubungula esebenza kahle kakhulu enezindleko eziphansi kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela zokubumba zepulasitiki. Ikakhulukazi ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwenqubo nemishini ye-thermoforming kanye nokungenelela kokulingisa kwekhompyutha, i-thermoforming ibe yindlela eyinhloko yokucubungula encintisana nokujova kanye nokubumba. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwenziwa intuthuko entsha emishinini yokucubungula i-thermoforming. UJimin wethule imishini nezinqubo ze-thermoforming eziboniswe e-K2013 eJalimane, lapho isivinini, ukuguquguquka, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula kanye nokunciphisa izindleko kuye kwaba yizihloko ezibalulekile zemishini emisha ye-thermoforming ekupakisheni nasembonini.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-thermoforming yilezi: ukwakheka kwe-vacuum, ukwakheka kwengcindezi, ukwakheka okusiza nge-plunger kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo. Kunemikhiqizo eminingi eguquguqukayo emakethe, njengezinkomishi, amapuleti, amathileyi okudla, amathoyizi, amakepisi nezigqoko, izingxenye zemishini yasekhaya kanye nezingxenye zezimoto, izingxenye zokuhlobisa zezakhiwo, imishini yamakhemikhali, njll. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubumba ngomjovo, i-thermoforming inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi emishinini kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza imikhiqizo enezindawo ezinkulu zobuso. Amapulasitiki amakhulu asetshenziswa ekubumbeni nge-thermoforming yi-polystyrene (PS), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ama-polyolefin afana ne-PE, i-PP, ama-polyacrylates (PMMA) kanye ne-cellulose efana ne-nitrocellulose (NC), i-cellulose acetate (CA), njll. Amapulasitiki obunjiniyela afana ne-i-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (i-ABS)nazo ziyasetshenziswa. Ipulasitiki ye-styrene (ABS), i-polycarbonate (PC), njll. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PP esebenza kahle njengokucaca okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu okuncibilika kanye ne-warpage ephansi kukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-PP emkhakheni we-thermoforming.

2. Isimo Semakethe Yokupakisha I-Thermoforming Yasekhaya

Kunezinkampani zokupakisha ze-thermoforming zasekhaya ezingaphezu kuka-3,000, lapho ezingaphezu kuka-300 zikhiqiza khona amathani angaphezu kuka-1,000 ngonyaka. Cishe amafektri angama-70% anomthamo wokukhiqiza waminyaka yonke wezinkulungwane zamathani angamashidi akhiqizwa ngokwawo kanye nabahlanganisi bemikhiqizo ye-thermoformed. I-PS (OPS) kanye ne-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) yiwona amashidi amakhulu akhishwa ngaphandle, kanti amanye amafektri anekhono akhiqiza amashidi awo e-PP, PS kanye ne-PVC kanye namafektri amancane akhipha amashidi awo ngaphandle. Imikhiqizo ye-thermoformed isetshenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni ukudla, ekupakisheni okungekona ukudla kanye nakumashidi asikiwe, futhi izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokusetshenziswa.

3. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PP yokulungisa ukushisa

Izicelo ze-thermoforming ze-PP zasekhaya zaqala ngawo-1990 futhi bezithuthuka ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esingaba ngu-10%. Manje kunabakhiqizi abaningi abakhulu nabadumile bokupakisha ipulasitiki ye-thermoforming eShayina, njengeJapan Central Chemical, abakhe izitshalo eShayina bazifaka ekukhiqizweni, futhi imikhiqizo yabo igxile kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokupakisha ipulasitiki ye-thermoforming ephakathi nendawo ephezulu. Njengamanje, kukhona ukuntuleka kwezinto ezikhethekile ze-PP ikakhulukazi zenqubo ye-thermoforming eShayina. Abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ye-thermoforming yasekhaya ngokuvamile bathenga i-T30S kanye neminye i-resin ejwayelekile eguquliwe ukuze isetshenziswe, kodwa imikhiqizo etholakala ngokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ngemuva kokuguqulwa kanye nokwezimboni, kukhona ukulawula okungalingani kokungeziwe, izakhiwo zokudonsa azihlangabezani nezidingo, ubukhulu bodonga lwesitsha esingalingani ku-thermoforming, i-extrusion coating calendering edge curling nezinye izinkinga, kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezimfuneko eziphezulu zezidingo zesicelo, kodwa futhi Kunzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezidingo eziphezulu, futhi futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwamabhizinisi okucubungula aphansi.

Izinto ezikhethekile ze-thermoforming zaphesheya kwezilwandle ikakhulukazi ziyi-homopolymers, ama-copolymer angahleliwe asobala aphansi, kanti amanye amazinga anemijikelezo emide yokungenisa, ngakho-ke abakhiqizi be-thermoforming basekhaya abavami ukusebenzisa izinto ezingenisiwe. Ukukhiqizwa kweshidi okukhona kwabakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ye-thermoforming kungamashidi obubanzi obungu-600 mm, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bomshini wokubumba, ububanzi beshidi buyanda, ububanzi bungaba ngaphezu kuka-1000 mm, ngakho-ke ikhono leshidi lokulwa nokuncibilika libeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme. Isixazululo embonini yemikhiqizo engezansi ukwengeza iphesenti elithile le-polyethylene ephezulu (PE-HD) ku-PP evamile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuncibilika kweshidi, kodwa le ndlela izoletha ukuxubana okungalingani kanye nokucaca okulinganiselwe kwemikhiqizo. Imboni ye-thermoforming yasekhaya inesidingo esiphuthumayo sezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-PP ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokucaca okuphezulu kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kuka-2012, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko yezinto zokwakha ukushisa ezibonakala kahle eShayina kwakusele emuva kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, isimo se-R&D sezinto ezikhethekile zokwakha ukushisa ukushisa zasekhaya sibhalwe kuThebula 2.

Azikho kulezi zinto ezikhethekile eziye zasebenza kakhulu ukuze kutholakale amandla aphezulu okuncibilika kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo sama-molecule esibanzi esidingekayo ekucutshungulweni kwe-thermoforming, kanti ezinye azikhiqizwanga ngezinga elikhulu.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Tianjin Petrochemical iqhubekile nokuthuthukisa izinto ezikhethekile emkhakheni we-PP thermoforming, futhi yathola izinzuzo ezinkulu kwezomnotho nakwezenhlalo, yanezela umbala kule ndawo ekhethekile ye-thermoforming.

Ithebula 4 libonisa izinto ezikhethekile ze-PP zokwenziwa kwe-thermoforming ezakhiwe yizitshalo eziningana ze-petrochemical eminyakeni yamuva nje, ezathuthukiswa yi-Shanghai Ru Xia New Material kanye nesitshalo ngasinye se-petrochemical ngezidingo ezahlukene ezigabeni ezahlukene ze-thermoforming. Abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ye-thermoforming engezansi basatshalaliswe kabanzi, ukuhlushwa kwemboni kuphansi, kunezinkampani ezimbalwa ezingaphezu kwesilinganiso, futhi isidingo semikhiqizo engezansi siyahlukahluka, kanti izitshalo ze-petrochemical zinezinhlelo zazo zokuhlela ukukhiqizwa, ngakho-ke kusekhona ubunzima bokuxhumana kahle ne-upstream ne-downstream, kodwa isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-thermoforming ukwenza imikhiqizo ehlukene engezansi ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokusebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile zokukhiqiza ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezikhethekile zokwenziwa kwe-thermoforming kusathembisa.