Isimo socwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki yobunjiniyela be-PBT

I-PBT uhlobo lwe-polyester egcwele i-crystalline linear eyenziwe nge-terephthalic acid (PTA) noma i-dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) kanye ne-1,4-butanediol (BDO) nge-polycondensation reaction, enezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, isakhiwo sayo sama-molecule esilinganayo singafinyelela ukuhlanganiswa okuseduze, nge-crystallinity ephezulu, ingafakwa ngokushesha emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, isakhiwo sayo sama-molecule esilinganayo ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanganiswa okuseduze, nge-crystallinity ephezulu, emazingeni okushisa aphansi ingafakwa ngokushesha ekristallini. Ukucubungula izingxenye ze-PBT kulula ukugeleza ukubunjwa kanye nomjikelezo wokubumba isikhathi esifushane, kunganciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kanti i-PBT inezinzuzo ezimelana nomswakama, ezimelana nokuhuzuka, ezimelana namafutha nezinye izinto, ukukhukhuleka nakho kuncane.

Njengoba i-PBT iqukethe izingxenye zekristalu nezingezona zekristalu, kulula ukuyishintsha ngokungeza ezinye izinto. Kodwa-ke, i-PBT ikhona futhi okulula ukuyishisa, kanye nokuxhumana okuqandisiwe nama-molecule amancane, izakhiwo ze-dielectric zezingxenye ezinganele ezigobile ezithambekele ekugobeni kanye nezinye iziphambeko, okunciphisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ukuze kulungiswe ukuntuleka kokusebenza kwe-resin ye-PBT emsulwa, i-resin ye-PBT ibilokhu icwaninga ngokuguqulwa.

1. Umshini wokukhipha ipulasitiki wobunjiniyela be-PBT Isimo samanje socwaningo lokuguqulwa

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amabhizinisi afanele athuthukise ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kobuchwepheshe obusha nemikhiqizo emisha, amapulasitiki obunjiniyela be-PBT ukuze asebenze kahle kakhulu, asebenzayo, futhi aqondiswe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngezidingo zensimu yezimboni, ngokuguqulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-PBT, okwamukelwa yimakethe. Njengamanje, ukuguqulwa kwe-copolymerization, ukuguqulwa kokugcwaliswa kwezinto ezingaphili, ubuchwepheshe be-nanocomposite, ukuguqulwa kokuxuba nezinye izindlela kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-PBT. Ucwaningo mayelana nokuguqulwa kwezinto ze-PBT lugxile kakhulu emandleni aphezulu, ukubambezeleka komlilo okuphezulu, i-warpage ephansi, imvula ephansi, i-dielectric ephansi njalo njalo.

Izakhiwo zemizi

Amandla okudonsa e-resin ye-PBT emsulwa, amandla okuguquguquka kanye ne-modulus yokuguquguquka aphansi, emkhakheni wezimboni awakwazi ukusetshenziswa kabanzi, adinga ukuguqulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zemishini. I-fiber yengilazi inezinzuzo zokusetshenziswa okuqinile, inqubo elula yokugcwalisa kanye nezindleko eziphansi, njll. Ukwengezwa kwe-fiber yengilazi ku-PBT kwenza izinzuzo zokuqala ze-resin ye-PBT zisebenze, futhi amandla okudonsa, amandla okuguquguquka kanye namandla okuthinta ancishisiwe emikhiqizo ye-PBT kuthuthukiswe kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwefayibha yengilazi, eminye imicu ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini ze-PBT. UZeng Deming nabanye basebenzise i-basalt emfushane ukuthuthukisa i-resin ye-PBT, ngemuva kokuba indima ye-ejenti yokuhlanganisa ye-basalt ingahambisana kangcono ne-PBT, ithuthukise ngempumelelo izakhiwo zemishini zezinhlanganisela ze-PBT.

Izakhiwo ezivimbela amalangabi

Izinga lokushisa eliqondile lomshini we-PBT ohlanzekile lingafinyelela ezingeni le-HB kuphela, kulula ukulishisa nokulishisa okuqhubekayo, ilangabi lilula ukulisakaza, ukusetshenziswa kwalo ezimotweni, ezintweni zikagesi nasezindwangu nakwezinye izici kunqunyelwe. Izinto ezigcina ilangabi ezifakwe i-halogenated kanye nezinto ezigcina ilangabi ezingezona i-halogenated zivame ukungezwa ku-PBT ukuze kuguqulwe izinto ezigcina ilangabi. Izinto ezigcina ilangabi ezifakwe i-halogenated zikhipha umusi onobuthi oqukethe i-hydrogen halide lapho zivutha, okuyingozi empilweni yabantu kanye nemvelo, kanti ezinye izinto ezigcina ilangabi ezifakwe i-halogenated ziye zavinjelwa e-European Union. Ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezigcina ilangabi ezifakwe i-PBT kusebenzisa kakhulu izinto ezigcina ilangabi ezifakwe i-phosphorus kanye nezinto ezigcina ilangabi ezingaphili.

Uma usebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwe-inorganic flame retardant, ukwengeza okuqukethwe okuningi kuzoholela ekwehleni kwezakhiwo zemishini zezinto; kodwa i-phosphorus flame retardant ayinalo leli phutha, futhi inentuthu ephansi, ubuthi obuphansi, izakhiwo eziphezulu ze-flame retardant. I-phosphorus flame retardant ivame ukuhlanganiswa nama-compound aqukethe i-nitrogen ukuze kufezwe uhlelo lwe-flame retardant olusebenza kahle. I-phosphorus flame retardant enqubweni yokusha ukuze ikhiqize i-phosphoric anhydride ukuze yenze i-carbonization yokusha kwamanzi, ungqimba lwekhabhoni lunganciphisa ukuqhutshwa kokushisa, ukubambezeleka noma ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamagesi avuthayo, kanye ne-phosphoric anhydride ngemva kokushisa ukuze kwakheke izinto ezincibilikisiwe ezimboza ubuso bezinto ezivuthayo, okuvimbela ukukhishwa kwamagesi avuthayo.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-Warp

Ukushelela kwesihlobo se-molecular material ye-PBT kulula, kulula ukukuqondisa, ukwakheka kwekristalu, okuholela ekuncipheni okukhulu kwezinto, okubangela izingxenye ze-PBT, ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezinkulu ezinamacala amancane okuguqulwa kwe-warping. Ukuze i-fiber yeglasi iqiniswe i-PBT, ngenxa yokwengezwa kwemicu yengilazi ene-anisotropy, okuholela ezindleleni ezahlukene ekubunjweni komjovo wesilinganiso sokuncipha kwezinto kuhlukile, okwandisa ukuguqulwa kwe-warping kwezingxenye, hhayi nje kuphela okuthinta ikhwalithi yobuso bemikhiqizo yepulasitiki kanye nokusebenza kokufakwa, kodwa futhi kuthinta amandla epulasitiki.

Ukuze izingxenye ze-PBT zisonteke, ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ukuma kwezingxenye, ukwakheka kwesikhunta kanye nemingcele yenqubo yokubumba, kungashintshwa futhi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kokusonteka kwezinto ze-PBT. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuguquguquka kwe-warpage kwezinto ze-PBT kuthuthukiswa kakhulu ngokugcwalisa okunga-organic nokuhlanganisa igolide. Ukugcwalisa okunga-organic kufaka phakathi ukugcwalisa okunga-organic okukodwa kanye nokugcwalisa okuhlanganisiwe ne-glass fiber, kanti izinto ezinga-organic ezisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa zifaka phakathi i-talc, i-mica, i-wollastonite, ubuhlalu beglasi, i-kaolin, ama-whiskers e-calcium sulfate njalo njalo.

Ukusebenza kwemvula

Njengoba izinto zokusetshenziswa zezinto ze-PBT zingenakukwazi ukusabela ngokugcwele ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ama-molecule amancane, ama-oligomers, njll. ayakhiqizwa, futhi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezinto ze-PBT ezingashintshiwe ikhiqiza imvula ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kwezingxenye. Lapho izinto ze-PBT zisetshenziswa ku-silencer ngaphakathi kwe-compressor yesiqandisi, i-skeleton ye-motor coil kanye ne-skeleton yokushisa umoya, njll., ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza ezikhethekile, imvula yenani elikhulu lama-molecule amancane ku-refrigerant (Freon, dichlorodifluorodichloromethane) encibilikisiwe ku-refrigerant tube kulula ukuyivimba i-refrigerant tube, ukuze i-refrigerant yayo ihluleke.

I-PBT ikhipha ikakhulukazi i-zwitterion ye-molecule encane ye-resin uqobo kanye nenani elincane lezithasiselo eziqukethwe ngaphakathi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-fiber yengilazi kanye ne-resin ene-viscosity ephezulu, egcwele inani elithile le-adsorbent kunganciphisa inani lemvula ye-PBT. Njengamanje, ifomu eliyinhloko le-adsorption yezinto ezingaphili kanye nokwengezwa kwe-ejenti yokuvimba, i-chain extender, i-1,4 cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) nezinye izindlela zamakhemikhali zokuguqulwa kwemvula ye-PBT.

Izici ze-Dielectric

Izinto ze-PBT kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe kanye nokuvikela ngogesi kanye neminye imikhakha yokusetshenziswa, izakhiwo ze-dielectric zesivinini sokudlulisa isignali, ukulahleka kwesignali njalo njalo kudlala indima ebalulekile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izakhiwo ze-dielectric zezinto zokufaka ugesi zibeka phambili izidingo eziqinile, izidingo ze-dielectric constant yezinto zokufaka ugesi azidluli ku-2.8. kuyilapho izakhiwo ze-dielectric zezinto ze-PBT ezihlanzekile zingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuxhumana, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-dielectric constant ephansi, ukulahleka kwe-dielectric ephansi kwezinto ze-PBT kubaluleke kakhulu.

Njengamanje, izakhiwo ze-dielectric ze-PBT ziguqulwa kakhulu ngokugcwalisa nokuxuba ama-copolymer aqinile e-dielectric aphansi, kanti ama-filler asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-polytetrafluoroethylene powder kanye nama-glass beads angenalutho. Ama-carbon nanotubes nawo anethonya elihle ezimpahleni ze-dielectric zezinto ze-PBT, kodwa ukwengezwa kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-dielectric constant yezinto kanye nokulahleka kwe-dielectric kuyanda.

Njengoba izimoto zikagesi zithuthuka ngokushesha, ukudluliswa kwayo kwe-high-voltage ezintweni ezixhunywayo kudinga amandla e-dielectric aphezulu, yize ukumelana kwe-arc ye-PBT kukuhle, kulula ukuyiqonda ngokubumba ngesivinini esikhulu kodwa amandla e-dielectric aphansi, angeke atholakale ezimotweni zikagesi ukuze kudluliselwe i-high-voltage. Ngokusebenzisa isigaba somqhubi noma isitsha sokugcwalisa se-ceramic ku-PBT dielectric izakhiwo zokuguqulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla e-dielectric wezinto ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezimoto zikagesi.