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Kubasebenzisi, kufanele bakhethe futhi bahlole kanjani ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-extruder iba yinkinga enzima, hlobo luni lwemishini ye-extruder esebenza kahle kakhulu? Kusukela enjongweni, izidingo eziyisisekelo zemishini ngokuyinhloko amaphuzu ama-5 alandelayo.
(1) Ikhwalithi: ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo okhishwe ngaphandle iyisibopho kumakhasimende, iyimpilo yebhizinisi, futhi intuthuko yebhizinisi ihlobene eduze, ngakho-ke ukuthi ukuvumelana kwamaqoqo emikhiqizo kungaqinisekiswa isikhathi eside kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuhlola ikhwalithi yomshini okhishwa ngaphandle.
(2) Ukusebenza Kahle: Ukusebenza kahle kuyinkomba yokuhlola eyengeziwe. Ukuqinisekisa isivuno esiphezulu somkhiqizo ngeyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi ngokusekelwe kwikhwalithi kuyinjongo yawo wonke amabhizinisi kanye nendlela eya ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo.
(3) Izindleko: Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kungenye yezindlela zokunciphisa izindleko, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kunciphisa ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamanzi, ugesi kanye negesi ngeyunithi yesikhathi, okusho izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, kuyilapho ukukhathazeka okubaluleke kakhulu kwamabhizinisi ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokuphatha, kanye nesidingo semishini nomhlaba siyancishiswa.
(4) ukuqina: ukusebenza kahle nokuphila kuhambisana nokwanda kokusebenza kahle kungaholela empilweni yesevisi ephansi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe noma kwandiswe impilo yesevisi ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, isidingo sokusebenzisa izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zesikulufu ezinokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu, i-mandrel enamandla aphezulu.
(5) Okuwusizo: Ngokombono womsebenzisi, ukuthi ngabe imishini kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyinakekela, ukuthi imishini ingasebenza kahle yini, ngesilinganiso sokuhluleka esiphezulu noma esiphansi, nakho kungenye yezinkomba zokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-extruder.
Ngamafuphi, ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kuyizinkomba ezimbili ezibalulekile nezibalulekile. Indlela "yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi" kanye "nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle" yinhloso abathuthi bezinto ezikhiphayo abebelokhu beyithuthukisa eminyakeni edlule.
Izingxenye zokudlulisela
Thei-twin-screw extruderihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile: "i-extrusion" kanye "nokudlulisa". "Ingxenye ye-extrusion" iyisici esiyinhloko "sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi" kanti "ingxenye ye-transmission" iyisici esiyinhloko "sokusebenza kahle" kanye "nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi". Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ye-twin-screw iphawulwa ukuvuselelwa kwebhokisi lokusabalalisa i-torque, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwayo.
Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye "yokudlulisela" ye-extruder.
Ingxenye yokudlulisela iyisici esiyinhloko se-i-twin-screw extruder, njengenjini yemoto, enganikeza amandla anele okukhipha amandla anele, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlelo lokudlulisa oluqinile ukuze kunikezwe amandla okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha.
Kuma-extruder anezikulufo ezimbili, amandla abonakala ekuhambeni kokujikeleza kwe-screw element. Amandla e-kinetic ekuhambeni kokujikeleza aguqulwa abe amandla okugoba, lapho i-torque inkulu khona kulapho izinto eziningi zihanjiswa khona, okungukuthi uhlelo lokushayela olune-torque ephezulu luyadingeka ukuze lunikeze amandla ukuze kufezwe umphumela ophezulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokucushwa okumele nokujwayelekile kohlelo lokushayela: isakhiwo segiya elihambisanayo elineshafti ezintathu kanye nesakhiwo segiya lokushayela elihambisanayo elizinhlangothi ezimbili.
(1) Isakhiwo sedrayivu esihambisanayo seshafti ezintathu
Izinzuzo zalesi sixazululo yisakhiwo esilula, ukuhlanganiswa okulula, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi kanye ne-torque ekhuphukile yesistimu ngokunciphisa umthwalo kugiya; noma kunjalo, amandla alesi sakhiwo azohlala ebhekene nomthwalo omkhulu kuma-bearings ku-B-shaft ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa okuhambisanayo (njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3), futhi i-B-shaft ihlala ibhekene namandla ohlangothini olufanayo ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, okungukuthi isenzo sokugoba esihlangene kanye nesenzo sokugoba (ukucindezeleka okuhambisanayo kwe-cyclic), kanye nama-bearings ku-B-shaft abhekene. Amandla ku-B-shaft ayanda njengoba i-torque yayo yokukhipha ikhuphuka, ukuze i-bearing ifinyelele umkhawulo wokuphila we-gear shaft kanye ne-bearing ngemva kwamahora angu-20,000 okuguguleka kwamandla, ngakho-ke impilo yegiya ilawulwa yi-B-shaft bearing.
Okwesibili, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba i-B-shaft ihlala ithwalwa imithwalo ephezulu, ukuguguleka kwama-bearings kuyasheshiswa, okwenza ukugeleza kwe-radial kwe-B-shaft kwande kuze kube yilapho kwehluleka, okwenza uhlelo lube uhlelo lwamandla olungazinzile.
Njengoba umthombo wamandla ungazinzile, kuzoholela ekungazinzini kwezingxenye zokukhipha eziqhutshwa yiwo, okungukuthi indlela yokujikeleza kwesikulufu esisemgqonyeni izoshintsha nokwanda kokugeleza kwebhereyi, okuzoholela ekuhlukaneni okungalingani phakathi kwesikulufu nomgqomo, okuzoholela esikhathini sokuhlala esingalingani sezinto ezisemgqonyeni, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ukuthi kwehle.
(2) Isakhiwo sokudlulisa esilinganayo segiya eliseceleni eliphindwe kabili
Isithombe 4 sibonisa umdwebo odwetshiwe wesakhiwo sokushayela esilinganayo segiya eliseceleni eliphindwe kabili. Umgodi wokukhipha u-A walesi sakhiwo, njengesakhiwo sangaphambilini, unesikhala esanele sobukhulu kanye nesici esikhulu sokuphepha samandla nokuqina; umgodi wokukhipha u-B nawo unqunyelwe yibanga eliphakathi futhi unenkinga yokulinganiselwa kosayizi. Isixazululo salesi sakhiwo ukuhlukanisa amandla abe ngamaqembu amabili amagiya, bese ushayela umgodi we-B ngokulinganayo kusuka eziqondisweni eziphezulu nezingezansi, okungagcini nje ngokunciphisa umthwalo ezindaweni zokuxhuma zegiya eziphezulu nezingezansi ngesigamu futhi kwandise umthamo womthwalo we-torque, kodwa futhi kwandisa inani lezinto ezizophakelwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa umthwalo kumagiya aphezulu naphansi ngesigamu futhi kwandise umthamo womthwalo we-torque, ngaleyo ndlela kuphindaphindwe umthamo wokugcwalisa futhi kwandiswe ngempumelelo umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kwenza amandla e-radial ku-B-shaft ahlukane abe yi-zero. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 5, amagiya e-B-shaft abhekene kuphela namandla aqondile, okudala idrayivu ephelele yamandla amabili, okungukuthi ishafu yokukhipha i-torque emsulwa, esusa ukucindezeleka kokugoba ku-B-shaft (okubhekene kuphela namandla okugoba, okungukuthi ukucindezeleka kwe-cyclic okuhambisanayo).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo sibonakala ngokuthi umthwalo wokuthwala we-radial ku-B-axis ususwa ngokuphelele, ukuze i-B-axis bearing ngokombono ingagugi, ifinyelele impilo yenkonzo ende kakhulu yamahora angu-72,000 (cishe ama-10a) kunasesikhiweni 1, ngaleyo ndlela ishintshe umlando we-B-axis, lapho ukunemba kokujikeleza kwawohloka khona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isakhiwo asigcini nje ngokufeza umphumela ophezulu we-torque, sithuthukisa umkhiqizo futhi sandisa impilo yesevisi, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kohlelo lokusabalalisa i-torque kanye nokuvumelana kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ama-bearings ku-output shaft B awabhekene namandla e-radial futhi awagugi, akukho zinguquko ekugijimeni kwe-radial ezenzekayo futhi akukho ukugijimela kwe-radial kwe-screw shaft okubangelwayo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi lonke uhlelo lusebenza ngokuqhubekayo nangokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside, okungukuthi isikulufu kanye negebe eliphakathi kwesikulufu nomgqomo ngeke lishintshe ngokungalingani futhi isikhathi sokuhlala kwezinto ezisemgqomeni ngeke singalingani, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukwanda kwe-exponential kwe-torque kuvumela ukwanda okukhulu kwevolumu yokugcwalisa futhi kuyisiqinisekiso sokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zalesi sakhiwo yilezi: isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, ukunemba okuphezulu komshini okudingekayo, ubunzima bokuhlanganiswa kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sakhiwo sokushayela kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha izinto ngale ndlela elandelayo.
1) ukuhlinzeka ngamandla azinzile nathembekile ohlelweni lokukhipha, ukuze ukukhipha okuzinzile kube nesiqinisekiso samandla esithembekile.
2) Ngokukhishwa kwe-torque ephezulu, kungatholakala amavolumu aphezulu okulinganisa, futhi kwandise ubude obusebenzayo besikulufu ukuze kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo futhi kuxutshwe ngokusabalala.
3) Amandla athembekile okukhipha ngokunemba kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanganisa eziphumelelayo.
4) Isivinini sokukhipha esiphezulu kanye nokuvuleka kwezikulufo ezincane kungafinyelelwa.
Okuqukethwe
Njengoba eseneminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-20 embonini yemishini yokukhipha izinto ezihlakaniphile, ubelokhu ephethe izindima ezibalulekile eJwell Machinery, okuhlanganisa noMphathi Jikelele kanye noSihlalo Ojikelezayo. Kusukela ngo-2024, uphathe izinkampani eziningi ezingaphansi kwakhe, eqhuba ukwanda kwebhizinisi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ngenkathi ehola ukusungula izinto ezintsha ekukhiqizeni izinto ezihlakaniphile kanye nokukhula komhlaba wonke.
