Yimaphi ama-polymer abolayo i-PBAT engaxutshwa nawo?

I-Polybutylene terephthalate (PBAT) uhlobo olusha lwe-copolyester ye-aliphatic-aromatic ebola ngokuphelele enezingxenye zeketanga ezihlanganisa ukuguquguquka kwama-hydrocarbon e-aliphatic aneketanga elide nokuqina kwamasongo anuka kamnandi, okwenza kube nokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, i-PBAT ibe ngenye yezinto ezibola kakhulu ocwaningweni lwepulasitiki ebolayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhle kwemakethe. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwezingxenye zeketanga le-PBT elinuka kamnandi ku-molecule kuphumela esilinganisweni sokubola esihamba kancane. Iphinde ibe ne-crystallinity ephansi kanye ne-viscosity ephezulu, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukunamathela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nto ibiza kakhulu, okwenza kube nomkhawulo ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwayo emakethe. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko futhi kutholakale amapulasitiki abolayo asebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwe-PBAT kudinga ukufundwa. Ukuhlanganisa i-PBAT nama-polymer abolayo kuyindlela eqinisekisiwe yokuguqula, engathuthukisa ezinye izakhiwo ngaphandle kokuthinta ukubola kwe-PBAT, kanti amanye ama-polymer abolayo angathuthukisa nezinga lokubola kwe-PBAT.

-PBAT ihlanganiswe ne-PLA-

I-Polylactic acid (PLA), enye yezinto ezibolile ezicwaningwe kakhulu futhi eziphumelela kakhulu kwezentengiselwano, inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokucwebezela kanye nezithiyo, kodwa futhi inezinkinga zokuba lukhuni futhi lungaqini kakhulu, intula ukuguquguquka kanye nokunwebeka. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PBAT eqinile ne-PLA akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-PLA, kodwa futhi kusheshise izinga lokubola kwe-PBAT.

Kutholakale ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-PLA kuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okudonsa kwengxube ngaphandle kokuthinta izakhiwo zekristalu ze-PBAT; nokuthi ukwanda kwe-melt viscosity kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwamafilimu e-PBAT ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokwenziwa.

Njengoba i-PBAT ne-PLA kuyizinhlelo ezingahambisani, ucwaningo olwengeziwe okwamanje lusekelwe ekuthuthukiseni ukuhambisana phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, okuholela ekuxubeni okunezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini. Isibonelo, ukufakwa kwe-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) engxenyeni enkulu engu-3% kuya ku-5% kungandisa amandla omthelela wezingxube ze-PLA/PBAT ku-26.5% kanye no-51.7%, kuyilapho kuthuthukiswa ukusabalala kwe-PBAT ku-PLA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungezwa kwe-chain extender kunganciphisa kakhulu ukungezwani kwe-interfacial phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwamafilimu e-PBAT/PLA; ukungezwa kwe-plasticizer yeqembu elinomsebenzi omningi kanye ne-capacitor kungakhiqiza amandla amahle kanye nomphumela we-plasticizing kumangxube e-PBAT/PLA, ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa izakhiwo zokucubungula.

-I-PBAT ihlanganiswe ne-PPC-

I-Polypropylene carbonate (PPC) iyi-ipulasitiki enobungani bemveloKwenziwe ngokushintshana nge-copolymerization yemfucuza yezimboni i-carbon dioxide kanye ne-propylene oxide, enokonakala kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugeleza kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, iyinto engaguquki, izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi lingu-30-40°C kuphela, futhi kukhona ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kubi, ubunzima bokwakheka kwefilimu kanye nezinye izinkinga. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PPC ne-PBAT akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhono lenqubo ye-PPC, kodwa futhi kunikeza i-PBAT ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, futhi izinto ezihlanganisiwe eziphumelayo zizoba nendawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa ekupakisheni ukudla okulahlwayo, izinto zokwelapha, njll.

Njengoba ingxenye ye-PPC ingaguquki ohlelweni oluhlanganisiwe, usayizi we-microcrystalline wefilimu ehlanganisiwe ye-PBAT/PPC uyancishiswa; ukufakwa kwe-PPC kuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okudonswa kanye nezakhiwo zokuvimbela igesi zefilimu ehlanganisiwe ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukubola kwe-matrix. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwe-PPC ne-PBAT kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuzinza kokushisa, ubukristalu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini zezingxube; lapho kukhona i-10% PPC ngobuningi kuphela, izinga lokushisa le-crystallization lezingxube likhuphuka kusuka ku-37.5°C kuya ku-66.8°C, okusiza inqubo yokwakha ifilimu evuvukile.

Njengoba i-PBAT iyi-polymer ekristali futhi ine-chain enkulu yama-molecular e-polar, nayo inezinkinga zokuhambisana ne-PPC. Ukwethulwa kwe-chain extender triphenylmethane triisocyanate kuholele ekwandeni okukhulu kwamandla okudonseka nokuklebhula kwefilimu ye-PBAT/PPC kuzo zombili izinkomba ezinde neziphambeneyo; ukwethulwa kwe-opening agent monoglyceride stearate nakho kuthuthukise ukuzinza kwefilimu ngesikhathi sokufutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungezwa kwe-bulking agent ethylene methyl acrylate – glycidyl methacrylate (EMA-GMA) ekuxubeni kwe-PPC ne-PBAT akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yefilimu efuthayo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo izakhiwo zayo zemishini, isithiyo se-oxygen kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela i-UV.

-I-PBAT ihlanganiswe ne-PBS-

I-Polybutylene succinate (PBS) inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokucubungula phakathi kwamapulasitiki abolayo akhona, enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini; noma kunjalo, i-viscosity yayo ephansi iholela emandleni aphansi okuncibilika, okungafaneleki ekucutshungulweni ngokubumba noma ukuphonswa, futhi imikhiqizo inobuthakathaka obuthile. Ngakho-ke, ngokusebenzisa izingxube eziguquliwe ze-PBAT ne-PBS, izinzuzo zazo zombili zingahlanganiswa ukuze kulungiswe amaphutha, futhi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ingasetshenziswa ekupakisheni, ezitsheni, kumafilimu ezolimo, ezintweni zokwelapha kanye nakwezinye izinkambu.

Ngokuvamile, okuqukethwe yi-PBS ezingxubeni ze-PBAT/PBS akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu, kube cishe ku-25% kufanelekile. Kutholakale ukuthi izingxube ze-PBAT/PBS zibonisa i-modulus ephezulu yokuthambekela kanye nobude obuphezulu lapho kuphuka lapho ingxenye yobuningi be-PBS ingu-25%; uma okuqukethwe yi-PBS kuphakeme kakhulu, imikhiqizo ibonisa ukuqina okuqinile.

-I-PBAT ihlanganiswe ne-PHBV-

I-Poly(pentyl hydroxybutyrate) (PHBV) iyi-biomaterial eyenziwe ngezinto zemvelo ezivuselelekayo, ezenziwe ngokubilisa ngomthombo wekhabhoni namandla agcinwe kuma-microorganisms, anokubola okuhle kanye nokuhambisana kahle kwezinto eziphilayo; noma kunjalo, futhi inezinkinga ezifana nokuqina kokushisa okungekuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezimbi zokwakheka kwekristalu. Ngakho-ke, ukuyixuba ne-PBAT kungathuthukisa izakhiwo zekristalu ze-PHBV futhi kuthuthukise izakhiwo zokucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto.

Ingxube ye-PHBV ne-PBAT ikhombisa ukucutshungulwa okungcono kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu; futhi izakhiwo zemishini zefilimu zihambisana nezamafilimu okupakisha ukudla okuthengiswayo, kanye nobunzima obufika ku-750% ngesikhathi sokuphuka.

-PBAT ixutshwe ne-PGA-

I-Polyglycolic acid (PGA) inesakhiwo sama-molecule kanye nezici zokusebenza ezifanayo ne-PLA, kodwa inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuwohloka kanye nezivimbelo; akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ziphansi, kodwa futhi inezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu okudonseka kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha i-PGA yokuguqulwa kokuxuba kwe-PBAT kunethuba elikhulu lokusetshenziswa emkhakheni wemikhiqizo elahlwayo njengezinto zokudla ezingamelani nokushisa, izikhwama zefilimu ezibolayo kanye nokupakishwa kwezivimbelo.

Kutholakale ukuthi ama-composite e-PBAT/PGA anengxenye yesisindo se-PGA engu-20% anamandla okudonseka angu-25 MPa kanye nokunwebeka lapho kuphuka okungaphezu kuka-600%, okungasetshenziswa ukwenza imikhiqizo yefilimu; Ama-composite e-PBAT/PGA anengxenye yesisindo se-PGA engu-80% anezinga lokushisa lokuphambuka kokushisa elingu-120°C ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuqina, okungasetshenziswa ukwenza izitsha zokudla ezilahlwayo; okwamanje, ukwengezwa kwe-PGA Ukwengezwa kwe-PGA kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwesithiyo somhwamuko wamanzi wamafilimu ahlanganisiwe e-PBAT/PGA.

Ngokufanayo ne-PLA, ukuhambisana phakathi kwe-PGA ne-PBAT kubi, ngakho-ke kudingeka kukhethwe ama-compatibilizer afanele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusabalala kwesistimu. Isibonelo, i-4,4′-ylidenebis(isocyanatophenyl) (MDI) ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-PBAT/PGA composite ibe namandla endaweni. Ukusabela okuphumelelayo nge-MDI kuholele ekwandeni okukhulu kokunamathelana kwe-interfacial kwe-blends kanye nokwanda okukhulu kwamandla omthelela kusuka ku-9.0 kJ/m2 kuya ku-22.2 kJ/m2; kanye nokwehla kobukhulu bekristalu kanye nobukhulu bekristalu obuyindilinga, okube negalelo ekuqineni okuthuthukisiwe kwe-composite kanye nokuzinza kwazo kokushisa.

-PBAT ihlanganiswe ne-PVB-

I-Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) ingumkhiqizo we-acid-catalyzed condensation ye-polyvinyl alcohol kanye ne-n-butyraldehyde, enenani elithile le-plasticizer ekucutshungulweni kwayo okuphinde kwasetshenziswa. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sama-molecule, i-PVB inikwe inhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu okudonseka, ukumelana nokushayisana, ukucaca okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka kanye nokubola. Njengezinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa ezinqenqemeni, i-PVB itholakala ngobuningi obukhulu nangamanani aphansi, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwayo njengezinto eziguquliwe kunezinzuzo ezinkulu zokuthuthukiswa. Ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-PVB kwandisa izinga lokushisa le-crystallization le-PBAT; ukuhambisana kanye nezakhiwo ze-mechanical ze-PBAT/PVB kuthuthukiswa yisenzo esihlangene se-capacitor ionomer kanye ne-PVB.