Yini ezolethwa yigagasi elithi “ikhabhoni ephindwe kabili” embonini yokukhiqiza?

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izihloko ze-carbon ephindwe kabili ze-"carbon peak" kanye ne-"carbon neutralitent" ziqhubeke nokukhula ngokuthandwa, ziqala igagasi eliluhlaza. Izimboni eziluhlaza, amapaki aluhlaza, izintambo zokuhlinzeka eziluhlaza, amazinga aluhlaza... Izwe lonke lenza imizamo kuzo zonke izici zomkhakha wokukhiqiza ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokukhiqiza oluluhlaza. Ukukhiqiza okuluhlaza kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphansi kwe-carbon sekuba ngenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza.

01. Izinselele namathuba alethwa “yikhabhoni ephindwe kabili” emabhizinisini

Umgomo kanye nezidingo zomsebenzi "zokwanda kwe-carbon kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon" okuphakanyiswe yizwe lami akuzona nje ingcindezi kanye nenselele kuyo yonke insimu yezimboni, kodwa futhi kuyithuba elihle lokufuna intuthuko.

Njengezwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elikhiqizayo kanye nezwe elinezigaba zezimboni eziphelele kakhulu, ukukhiqiza ngokungangabazeki kungenye yemithombo ebalulekile yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezweni lami. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka ezayo, kubonakala sengathi izimboni ezinekhabhoni ephezulu efana namakhemikhali kaphethiloli, insimbi, nezinto zokwakha zizoba ngaphansi kwemingcele eminingi yentuthuko, ezophoqa lonke uhlelo lwezimboni ukuthi lushintshe kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okubanzi luye ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwekhabhoni encane nephansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amabhizinisi avelele anezici ezintsha, ezinekhabhoni encane kanye noluhlaza emisebenzini yezandla, imikhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe, imishini, njll. nawo azothola ukuthambekela okwengeziwe kwenqubomgomo, ukuze abasize bathole amathuba angcono entuthuko futhi bathuthukise ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe okubizwa ngokuthi iMarket Competitiveness.

Ngokufanayo, igagasi “lokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni” lisakazeka emhlabeni wonke. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-50 emhlabeni sezifinyelele noma zafinyelela ingxenye “yokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni”, futhi lezi zinombolo zisakhula. I-EU ihlela ukufeza “ukungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni” ngo-2050 futhi iqede ngokuphelele izinjini zokushisa zangaphakathi ezimotweni ngo-2035. “Ukwanda kwekhabhoni kanye nokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni” akuyona nje indaba eshisayo, kodwa futhi kuyinkambiso yomhlaba wonke kanye nomncintiswano wamazwe ngamazwe onqunyelwe isikhathi.

02. Izindlela ezine zokuguqulwa okuluhlaza kwamabhizinisi ngaphansi komgomo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili"

“Ukwanda kwekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni” akuyona nje imfanelo engokwemvelo yezimboni eziluhlaza, kodwa futhi yindawo esemkhawulweni, futhi kuyiphrojekthi eyisibonelo yebhizinisi lonke lezimboni ukufeza umgomo “wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili”. Amabhizinisi angawathuthukisa kanjani amakhono awo okudala i-carbon kanye nekhabhoni ephansi, ahole ekufezeni uguquko olusheshayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa, futhi afeze umgomo “wokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni”, ngokuvamile kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

•Khuthaza ukuluhlaza okungenakhabhoni eningi ngosizo lwezindlela zobuchwepheshe zedijithali nezindlela;

•Dala imodeli yomnotho ojikelezayo, kusukela emthonjeni wamandla nezinsiza ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kokungcola kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni;

Lungiselela isakhiwo samandla; nikeza kuqala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla e-zero-carbon kanye ne-low-carbon, bese wakha uhlelo lwamandla e-close-zero-carbon;

Funa izindlela zobuchwepheshe nezixazululo zokususa i-carbon negative kanye ne-carbon sequestration;

03. Izidingo Ezintsha Zentuthuko Yebhizinisi “Yemboni Eluhlaza”

Kumabhizinisi, indlela yokuhlanganisa ngokuseduze nangokungokwemvelo intuthuko yawo eluhlaza kanye nentuthuko "yokuguqulwa okuluhlaza" kuyimfuneko entsha yamabhizinisi angaphansi kwesimo esisha, okuvame ukufaka izici ezilandelayo:

Kudingeke amabhizinisi ukuthi abeke imigomo "ye-carbon ephindwe kabili", akhe imephu yesenzo esisebenzayo kanye nezinhlelo zomsebenzi, agweme ukuziphatha "kwe-carbon ephindwe kabili" kwesitayela sezemidlalo, acacise ukubaluleka "kwe-carbon ephindwe kabili" ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi eside kwamabhizinisi, futhi aqondise amabhizinisi ukuthi afeze ngenkuthalo "i-carbon ephindwe kabili". "Sebenza futhi wenze ushintsho oluqinile."

Amabhizinisi kudingeka ukuthi akhe amasu okuthuthukisa isikhathi eside, aqinise umklamo wezinga eliphezulu wokuphathwa nokulawulwa kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi ahlinzeke ngeziqinisekiso zamabhizinisi zokuthuthukisa isakhiwo sawo samandla futhi anciphise njalo ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.

Amabhizinisi kudingeka akhuthaze ukuphathwa kwemvelo komjikelezo wokuphila wonke, asebenzise umqondo wokuthuthukiswa okuluhlaza kuyo yonke inqubo kusukela ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo, ekukhiqizweni, ekuthuthweni kwempahla, njll., abe nolwazi lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni lwenqubo yawo yokukhiqiza kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila wemikhiqizo, futhi ahlele yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza kwezimboni kanye nokuphathwa kwamabhizinisi. Ipulatifomu yolwazi lokuphathwa kwe-Link low-carbon;

Khuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi asebenzise futhi athuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokonga amandla obusebenzisa ikhabhoni ephansi, athenge futhi athuthukiseimikhiqizo yokonga amandla enekhabhoni ephansi.

Khuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi asungule futhi athuthukise amazinga okuthengwa kwemikhiqizo eluhlaza kanye nemikhiqizo equkethe ikhabhoni ephansi, futhi adale futhi afeze uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwemikhiqizo yezimboni eluhlaza kanye nemikhiqizo equkethe ikhabhoni ephansi.

Khuthaza amabhizinisi ukuthi enze ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko kanye nokukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ikhabhoni, ahlanganise ubuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ikhabhoni ngokwemvelo nobuchwepheshe bokuphatha kanye nolwazi obukhona bamabhizinisi, futhi akhe imodeli yokuncintisana yokusungula ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ikhabhoni ephansi embonini, esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kanye nezindlela zokufeza ukuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezimboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
04. Epilogue

Ku-“Hlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Ye-14” ngisho nasemakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka ezayo, “isihloko esiyinhloko” sokuguqulwa kwezimboni kanye nentuthuko sizoba nendawo yokwenza i-green and low carbonization. Njengenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwe-green embonini yokukhiqiza, ubuchwepheshe bedijithali buzothuthuka ngokushesha futhi buhlinzeke amabhizinisi ngezixazululo ezifanele zokuguqulwa kwe-green, kusukela ekuqoqweni kwedatha yezimboni kuya ekwakhekeni kwe-closed loop ukusekela inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuxazulula inkinga yokubona idatha ye-carbon yebhizinisi, ukuthuthukisa izinga “lobuhlakani bedijithali” embonini yokukhiqiza.